Archive for computer history

The Original PC, The Pre-PowerPoint “Electronic” Slide Show, and Physical vs. Digital Cut and Paste

The video below is a capture of the computer screen and interface for the programming language named “ProCall”, the name given to the software used to control multiple slide projectors in order to sync slides to sound and create a slide-show, or “Multi-image” show, as it and the industry built around it was known. What is seen here is the sequencing of a few speaker support slides, and then a “run”– a looping segment that will run onscreen for announcements, introduction, or to kill time until the loops is broken, and the slide projectors advanced by the next command.

Anywhere from 3 to 15 (or more) projectors were focused on a screen, timed to music, with sophisticated graphic effects, photo sequences, title animations all happening in a careful sequence. Timing was precise; manual operation was possible (next slide, please), and even infinite loop sequences for backgrounds or logo animations used during live speaker sequences were possible.

This was in effect a video-like immersive experience for audiences. Sound came off of multi-track magnetic tape recorders, so the sound was full fidelity. Film projectors could be controlled as well. In fact, all elements of a meeting could be controlled via these computer programs– speaker support, multi-image slide shows with sound; film rolls, lights, flash bulb effects, and more.

Why does an old guy like me know computers? Well, I had to program slide shows.

I also had to find a solution to the innumerable script changes I and my clients made.

Before computers, a-v scripts were written on “copy paper” cheap newspaper typing paper that was easy to cut with a ruler. Cutting and pasting was a matter of literally cutting and pasting. Cut the paragraph you wanted to move out of the paper, past it with a big glob of glue past underneath the paragraph were it was destined to go. Because the editing process is very important, my scripts were sometimes hundreds of paper paragraphs reordered and  glued together.

But there were more miracles to come. The popular operating system at the time was CP/M. It was not meant for portable computers but AVL and others (Most notably, Adam Osborne) adopted it for portable and stationary computing. AVL’s computers were at first in a big desk hogging chassis, then reduced to a one piece screen, two drive, computer configuration, and finally, to a luggable portable.

People began putting word processing and accounting programs on their AVL’s, and the personal computer era began. And of course there was Apple. Put a CP/M card in an Apple, and you were able to use WordStar, the word processing giant of the day.

Soon we were using the computer to cut and paste, I was writing a “how to compute” column for A-V / Video magazine, and slides were big business.

But video was coming, and I jumped out of the slide apple cart and into the video fire before other slide producers and began adapting what I had learned producing slides to the art of video.

Pacing, strong soundtracks, good stories– those things never change.

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15 Years Ago Today– the birth of the CD-ROM game

Wired writes that 15 years ago today the computer gaming world– and the world of PC storage– changed.

This is the anniversary of the day the MYST was released.

MYST was a game that was essentially a simple adventure / puzzle hybrid, distinguished not by incredible programming, but instead by incredible 3D graphics.
Computers couldn’t render 3d on the fly all that well– that required graphic firepower which wasn’t there yet– and rendered 3d files were large.
Putting MYST on a CD solved these problems.

And the fact that it used a simple point and click exploration model made it accessible to a large audience.
Myst was originally released on the MAC.

It was programmed in HYPERCARD, and easy-to-learn visual programming language (actually, that makes it sound more complicated that it was) that had been primarily for flash card and simple database applications.
Soon, it was ported to the PC. Add-on cd-rom drives flew off the shelves, and cd-rom players were soon standard in MACS and PC’s.

Early buzz and eventual sales were phenomenal.
My son Matt started a discussion group on AOL for "Cd-rom games" that was written up in various magazines, and had weekly meetings on-line.

Soon, cd-rom games were the norm. Soon after, burners were the norm.
This of course allowed us producer types to begin using the cd-rom as a host for our Macromind Director projects. And of course, cd-roms offered the kind of space that allowed video to be used within Director games, interactive corporate projects, and training apps.

And let’s not forget that MYST’s graphics really pointed out the strengths of realistic 3-D graphic environments, inspiring a generation of artists and authors to think in terms of visuals without limitations– the sort of thing that only Pixar had been doing.

Some tools had been there, but now a whole new generation of 3D apps for graphics artists were born, and those artists, apps, and advanced 3D graphics cards changed the world of computing and communications.

Happy birthday, MYST.